休斯敦将大规模部署CCS技术应用

　　中国石化新闻网讯 据管道&天然气杂志网9月16日报道，11家公司表示愿意支持在休斯敦大规模部署碳捕获和存储(CCS)技术。Calpine,雪佛龙,陶氏,埃克森美孚,英力士,林德,利安德巴塞尔工业公司（LyondellBasell）,马拉松石油，NRG能源,菲利普斯66,瓦莱罗能源已经同意开始讨论到2030年每年捕获和安全储存5000万吨二氧化碳，到2040年约1亿吨二氧化碳的计划。

　　这些公司计划帮助解决美国最大的集中排放源之一的工业二氧化碳排放问题。这11家公司正在考虑在发电和生产塑料、汽车燃料和包装等社会日常使用品的设施中使用CCS技术。

　　如果这11家公司运营的休斯敦地区设施全面实施CCS技术，到2040年，每年可捕获和储存近7500万吨二氧化碳。他们可能稍后宣布他们的支持，并进一步推动休斯敦在2050年实现碳中和的雄心。

　　休斯敦市长西尔威斯特·特纳（Sylvester Turner）表示，休斯敦可以通过共同努力实现我们的净零目标，很高兴看到如此多的公司已经齐聚一堂讨论让休斯敦成为碳捕获和储存领域的世界领导者。我们正在重新想象成为世界能源之都意味着什么，而应用成熟的技术来减少排放是最好的开始方式之一。

　　在休斯敦地区大规模部署CCS需要行业、社区和政府的集体支持。如果适当的政策和法规到位，CCS可以创造数以万计的新工作岗位，保护现有的工作岗位，并以比许多其他广泛使用的技术更低的社会成本减少排放。这11家公司将继续倡导政策，使德克萨斯州新的、扩建的和现有的CCS投资具有长期商业可行性。

　　CCS是从工业活动中捕获CO2的过程，否则这些CO2会释放到大气中，并将其注入深层地下地质构造中，以实现安全、可靠和永久的储存。在支持性法规的支持下，休斯敦工业区的二氧化碳可以安全地储存在美国墨西哥湾沿岸地区，地表或海床下数千英尺的地层中。根据2018年的数据，美国能源部估计，美国墨西哥湾沿岸的二氧化碳储存能力足以储存5000亿吨二氧化碳，相当于美国130多年的工业和发电排放总量。

　　尽管可再生能源将继续在未来的低碳能源中发挥重要作用，但CCS是少数几项经过验证的技术之一，可以使制造业和重工业等一些行业实现脱碳。据国际能源署（IEA）预计，到2040年，CCS可以使全球排放量减少15%。联合国政府间气候变化专门委员会(IPCC)估计，如果没有CCS，全球脱碳工作的成本可能会是现在的两倍。

　　郝芬 译自 管道&天然气杂志网

　　原文如下：

　　Carbon Capture and Storage Gains Wide Industry Support in Houston

　　Eleven companies have expressed interest in supporting the large-scale deployment of carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology in Houston. Calpine, Chevron, Dow, ExxonMobil, INEOS, Linde, LyondellBasell, Marathon Petroleum, NRG Energy, Phillips 66 and Valero have agreed to begin discussing plans that could lead to capturing and safely storing up to 50 million metric tons of CO2 per year by 2030 and about 100 million metric tons by 2040.

　　The companies plan to help address industrial CO2 emissions in one of the largest concentrated sources in the United States. Collectively, the 11 companies are considering using CCS technology at facilities that generate electricity and manufacture products that society uses every day, such as plastics, motor fuels and packaging.

　　If CCS technology is fully implemented at the Houston-area facilities these 11 companies operate, nearly 75 million metric tons of CO2 could be captured and stored per year by 2040. There are ongoing discussions with other companies that have industrial operations in the area to add even more CO2 capture capacity. They could announce their support later and add further momentum toward the city of Houston's ambitions to be carbon neutral by 2050.

　　"Houston can achieve our net zero goals by working together, and it's exciting to see so many companies have already come together to talk about making Houston the world leader in carbon capture and storage," said Sylvester Turner, Mayor of Houston. "We're reimagining what it means to be the energy capital of the world, and applying proven technology to reduce emissions is one of the best ways to get started."

　　Wide-scale deployment of CCS in the Houston area will require the collective support of industry, communities and government. If appropriate policies and regulations are put in place, CCS could generate tens of thousands of new jobs, protect current jobs and reduce emissions at a lower cost to society than many other widely available technologies. The 11 companies will continue to advocate for policies that enable the long-term commercial viability of new, expanded and existing CCS investments in Texas.

　　CCS is the process of capturing CO2 from industrial activity that would otherwise be released into the atmosphere and injecting it into deep underground geologic formations for safe, secure and permanent storage. With supportive regulations, CO2 from the Houston industrial area could be safely stored in the U.S. Gulf Coast region in formations thousands of feet below the surface or seabed. The U.S. Department of Energy estimates that storage capacity along the U.S. Gulf Coast is enough to hold 500 billion metric tons of CO2 — more than 130 years of the country's total industrial and power generation emissions, based on 2018 data.

　　Although renewables will continue to play an important role in a lower-carbon energy future, CCS is one of the few proven technologies that could enable some industry sectors to decarbonize, such as manufacturing and heavy industry. The International Energy Agency projects CCS could mitigate up to 15 percent of global emissions by 2040, and the U.N. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) estimates global decarbonization efforts could be twice as costly without CCS.