价格飙升致长期液化天然气市场成为卖方市场

　　中国石化新闻网讯 据油价网2021年10月19日报道，业内人士对路透社表示，亚洲液化天然气（LNG）现货价格飙升，使LNG生产商和卖家在与买家进行长期LNG供应合同谈判时具有优势。

　　由于10月早些时候交易的一些LNG货物的现货价格创下了超过50美元/百万英热单位的纪录，在很大程度上依赖于去年现货供应LNG现货价格跌至2美元/百万英热单位的亚洲买家现在正寻求锁定更长期的天然气供应。

　　据路透社消息人士称，卖方现在在谈判中要求更高的价格。

　　买家需要对冲未来LNG现货价格的极端波动(过去一年就发生过这种情况)，价格极端波动对卖家有利。

　　据路透社援引伍德麦肯兹的估计，今年的合同长期LNG供应量已从去年的10年低点有所增加，与2018年和2019年的水平相似。

　　根据该协议，LNG的购买价格与亨利中心的价格挂钩，外加固定的液化费用。

　　路透社上周援引业内消息人士的话报道称，鉴于亚洲LNG现货价格创纪录、需求上升以及电力短缺的担忧，亚洲几家能源巨头已加强与美国LNG出口商的谈判，以确保长期供应协议。

　　伍德麦肯兹全球天然气分析主管Massimo Di Odoardo上周表示，当前的能源危机和飙升的LNG现货价格将改变买家购买天然气的方式。

　　“人们的本能将是寻求供应安全——就像亚洲买家刚刚以更高价格签署了更长期合同一样。 买家也可能寻求更多的非天然气中心LNG价格，包括美国亨利中心合同。”

　　李峻 编译自 油价网

　　原文如下：

　　Long-Term LNG Becomes Sellers Market As Prices Soar

　　Surging spot prices of liquefied natural gas in Asia are giving LNG producers and sellers an advantage in contract negotiations for long-term supply with buyers, industry participants with knowledge of ongoing talks have told Reuters.

　　Buyers in Asia, which relied very much on spot supply last year when LNG spot prices plummeted to $2 per million British thermal units (mmBtu), are now looking to lock in more long-term gas supply as spot prices hit a record of over $50/mmBtu for some cargoes traded earlier this month.

　　The sellers, for their part, now ask for higher prices in the discussions, according to Reuters’s sources.

　　The need of buyers to hedge against future extreme volatility in LNG spot prices – as it has happened over the past year – gives advantage to sellers.

　　As per Wood Mackenzie estimates cited by Reuters, the volume of contracted long-term LNG supply this year has increased from a decade-low in 2020 and is similar to the levels seen in 2018 and 2019.

　　The purchase price for LNG under the deal is indexed to the Henry Hub price, plus a fixed liquefaction fee.

　　Several Asian energy giants have intensified discussions with U.S. LNG exporters to secure long-term supply deals in light of record spot prices in Asia, rising demand, and the specter of power shortages, Reuters reported last week, quoting industry sources.

　　The current energy crisis and soaring LNG spot prices will change the way buyers purchase gas, Massimo Di Odoardo, Head of Global Gas Analysis at WoodMac, said last week.

　　“The instinct will be to look for security of supply – as Asian buyers have just done in signing longer term contracts at higher prices. Buyers may also look for more non-gas hub LNG pricing, including US Henry Hub-based contracts,” Di Odoardo noted.