中国石化新闻网讯 据海湾新闻网2023年7月11日报道，由于地缘政治冲突提振了原油价格，欧佩克主要成员国提高了原油产量，欧佩克去年的原油出口收入攀升至近10年来的最高水平。
欧佩克秘书处周二发布的一份报告显示，欧佩克13个成员国去年的原油出口收入达到8736亿美元，较上年增长54%。这是欧佩克成员国自2014年以来表现最好的一年，当时美国页岩油热潮结束了油价处于历史高位的时期。
去年原油价格飙升，布伦特原油期货均价约为每桶99美元，为2014年以来的最高水平。
与此同时，沙特阿拉伯和阿联酋等欧佩克国家打开了水龙头，以满足疫情后燃料需求的复苏。价格飙升和产量增加共同推高了整个组织的收益。
去年，欧佩克国家通常出售的一揽子原油价格平均略高于每桶100美元，而彭博新闻社估计，欧佩克13个成员国的原油日产量约为2920万桶，石油收益还包括成品油的销售。
2012年，欧佩克的原油出口收入达到了约1.2万亿美元的峰值，那时从得克萨斯州到北达科他州的美国各州，水力压裂技术(又称压裂法)正在释放大量页岩油。随后的市场崩盘促使曾经是激烈竞争对手的沙特阿拉伯和俄罗斯在2016年组建了欧佩克+联盟。
由于欧佩克成员国的变化，当时和现在的收入比较有些复杂。包括卡塔尔和厄瓜多尔在内的国家已退出该组织，而赤道几内亚和加蓬等其他国家已加入该组织。
今年，由于亚洲经济复苏速度放缓，美国和其他地方的利率收紧引发了对经济衰退的担忧，欧佩克+再次参与减产以支撑原油市场。上周，沙特宣布将把每日减产100万桶的协议延长至8月份，俄罗斯也做出了削减原油出口的新承诺。
然而，随着经济前景恶化，以及有些欧佩克+成员国的供应超出预期，这些措施正在努力支撑市场。
布伦特原油价格仍低于每桶80美元，远低于沙特阿拉伯政府支出所需的水平。
李峻 译自 海湾新闻网
原文如下：
OPEC oil export revenue was highest in almost a decade last year
OPEC’s petroleum export revenues climbed to the highest in almost a decade last year, as the war on Ukraine bolstered crude prices and key members ramped up production.
The 13 nations of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries earned $873.6 billion in 2022, up 54 per cent from the prior year, according to a report from the group’s secretariat on Tuesday. It was their best year since 2014, when the US shale boom ended a period of historically high oil prices.
Brent futures averaged about $99 a barrel, the highest since 2014.
Meanwhile, OPEC nations such as Saudi Arabia and the UAE opened the taps to satisfy the post-pandemic recovery in fuel demand. The combination of surging prices and increased output pushed up earnings for the entire group.
The basket of crude grades typically sold by OPEC nations averaged just over $100 a barrel in 2022, while Bloomberg estimates show that crude production from its 13 states was roughly 29.2 million barrels a day. The figures for petroleum revenue also include sales of refined products.
OPEC’s earnings peaked at roughly $1.2 trillion in 2012, just as the use of hydraulic fracturing - also known as fracking - was unlocking a gusher of shale-oil in American states from Texas to North Dakota. The ensuing market crash spurred the Saudis and the bigger producer, once fierce rivals, to form the OPEC+ coalition in 2016.
Revenue comparisons between then and now are complicated slightly by changes in OPEC’s membership. Countries including Qatar and Ecuador have quit the group while others such as Equatorial Guinea and Gabon have joined.
This year, OPEC+ is once again engaged in production cuts to prop up crude markets, as Asian economic recovery disappoints and tightening interest rates in the US and elsewhere stir fears of a recession. Last week, the Saudis announced they would prolong an extra 1 million barrel-a-day cutback into August, and the bigger producer made a new pledge to pare exports.
Yet the measures are struggling to support the market as the economic outlook frays and supplies exceed expectations from OPEC+ members- despite its repeated promises of restraint.
Brent remains under $80 a barrel, far below the levels the kingdom apparently needs to cover government spending.
