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| 2019-08-12 来源： 中国石化新闻网 |
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石化新闻 |
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中国石化新闻网讯 据碳氢加工网8月9日消息，交易商称，尼日利亚8月石油销量为今年以来最低，因美国轻质低硫原油出口充斥欧洲和亚洲传统市场。 这些变化表明，美国“能源主导”战略正在重塑全球石油市场。美国6月份石油日产量激增26万桶，达到创纪录的月产量316万桶。 过去10年，由于美国国内产量的迅速增长，非洲最大的原油出口国很大程度上被挤出美国市场。美国能源情报署表示，7月对美国出口连续三周下滑至零。 但现在，来自美国二叠纪盆地的页岩油正越来越多地涌入西欧、印度和印度尼西亚的尼日利亚石油传统据点中。 尼日利亚和美国都是这种轻质、低硫原油的主要生产国，这种原油非常适合提炼成汽油。 根据HIS公司的数据，自2019年初以来，欧洲进口了约46%的尼日利亚石油，印度接近18%，亚洲其他国家约占10%。 一位西非原油的主要买家对路透表示：“他们面临着来自美国的更大竞争，在过去几周，美国出口确实有所回升。” 尼日利亚从7月18日开始公布9月份出口初步计划时，8月份多达40批出口货物仍未敲定买家。 这是2019年迄今为止最大的供应过剩，平均每月约有25批货物。 尽管过剩产能已开始显现，部分原因是能源巨头将过剩产能吸收到自己的炼油系统中，但卖家为吸引买家兴趣而提供的折扣，降低了尼日利亚9月份出口产品的价格预期。 原油买家表示：“他们的货量仍有大量剩余，虽然8月份剩下的货量只有个位数，但是最近清理余量的时间似乎越来越长，前景并不明朗。” 6月21日的一场火灾和爆炸导致费城能源解决方案(PES)炼油厂关闭，这家炼油厂一直是尼日利亚石油的买家，这进一步增加了对尼日利亚石油的营销挑战。 原本计划从西非和北海进口的轻质低硫原油（约合2000万桶）已计划抵达其他地方，并在其他地方以大幅折扣价重新调整，此后两个地区的价格都没有恢复。 裘寅 编译自 碳氢加工网 原文如下： Demand for Nigerian oil "dire" as competition ramps up Nigerian oil has suffered its slowest sales of the year in August, traders said, as U.S. exports of competing light, sweet grades flood traditional markets in Europe and Asia. The changes illustrate how U.S. strategy for “energy dominance” is reshaping oil markets worldwide, as U.S. oil exports surged 260,000 barrels per day in June to a monthly record of 3.16 million bpd. Crude from Africa’s top exporter has largely been pushed out of the U.S. market in the last decade due to booming domestic output. Exports to the United States slid to zero for three weeks in July, the U.S. Energy Information Administration said. But now shale oil from the U.S. Permian basin is pouring ever more into traditional strongholds for Nigerian oil in Western Europe, India and Indonesia. Both Nigeria and the United States are big producers of the kind of light, sweet grades that are ideal for refining into gasoline. According to IHS Markit, Europe has imported around 46% of Nigeria’s oil since the beginning of 2019, India nearly 18%, and the rest of Asia about another 10%. “They’re facing bigger competition from the U.S., and in the last few weeks, U.S. exports have really picked up,” one major buyer of West African crude told Reuters. As many as forty cargoes for export in August were still in need of buyers when Nigeria began publishing its preliminary programme for September exports beginning on Jul. 18. It was the largest oversupply so far in 2019, with about 25 cargoes the monthly norm. Though the excess has begun to clear, in part due to energy majors absorbing much of the excess into their own refining systems, the discounts sellers made to attract interest has lowered price expectations for Nigerian exports for September. “They’ve got a big volume still remaining, and though the number of cargoes left for August is in the single digits, it seems to be taking longer and longer to clear lately. It’s not a pretty picture,” the crude buyer said. A fire and explosion on June 21 which shut down the Philadelphia Energy Solutions (PES) refinery - a consistent buyer of Nigerian oil - only added to the marketing challenge. Up to two month’s worth of light sweet oil, or about 20 million barrels, from West Africa and the North Sea which had been scheduled to arrive there were rerouted elsewhere at steep discounts, and prices have not since recovered in either region.
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