随油轮运价飙升美国原油出口阻滞

中国石化新闻网讯 据彭博社10月16日纽约报道，据市场参与者称，由于卖方降低报价的速度较慢，买方也不太放心，飙升的油轮成本正在耗尽美国出口市场的活动。

据10名市场参与者表示，一些卖家已经停止提供货物，而另一些卖家尚未降低报价，以适应不断上涨的油价。因此，在过去的几天里，几乎没有登记任何交易，相比之下，一天中只有六七笔交易。

上周，从波斯湾运往远东的基准价格飙升至每天30万美元左右，同时一艘超级油轮被以超过1500万美元的价格预订从美国海湾运往亚洲。印度石油公司表示，不断上涨的成本迫使其削减现货采购。据沃克萨有限公司称，由于大型船只的运费飙升，上半年小型油轮对欧洲的出货量有所增加。

麦克奎林服务有限责任公司的航运和金融高级顾问斯特凡诺斯·卡赞齐斯说，随着上个月袭击对沙特石油基础设施的影响减弱，运往欧洲的货物可能会减少。“我们还没有看到10月份下半年的固定数量与上半年美国向欧洲出口原油的数量相同。”

休斯顿利波石油联合有限责任公司总裁安迪·利波(Andy Lipow)表示，美国卖方可以选择向仍能吸收当地页岩的国内炼油商出售，因此没有向海外出售货物的压力。他说，美国卖家也有机会将油储存在充足的岸上储罐中，并指出每月可以以0.5至0.6美元/桶的价格获得储存权。

根据美国能源信息管理局的数据，截至10月9日，墨西哥湾沿岸原油库存为2.214亿桶，约占炼油厂和罐区总工作能力3.654亿桶的61%。

孙子舒 编译自 彭博社

原文如下，

U.S. crude exports drying up as tanker rates skyrocket

Soaring oil-tanker costs are drying up activity in the U.S. export market as sellers are slow to lower offers and buyers are skittish, according to market participants.

Some sellers have held back from offering cargoes, while others have yet to reduce their offers enough to accommodate the rising cost of shipping oil, according to 10 market participants. As a result, hardly any deals have been booked over the past few days, compared to six or seven seen in a typical day.

Benchmark rates surged to about $300,000 a day last week for shipments from the Persian Gulf to the Far East, while one supertanker was booked to carry oil from the U.S. Gulf to Asia for more than $15 million. Indian Oil Corp. said the rising costs force it to cut spot purchases. Shipments to Europe on smaller tankers have increased in the first half of the month as rates for larger vessels skyrocketed, according to Vortexa Ltd.

The increased shipments to Europe may tail off as the impact of attacks last month on Saudi oil infrastructure fades, said Stefanos Kazantzis, McQuilling Services LLC‘s senior adviser for shipping and finance. “We are not seeing yet the same volumes fixed for second half October as we did for first half for U.S. crude shipments to Europe.”

U.S. sellers have the option of selling to domestic refiners who can still absorb the local shale, so there isn’t pressure to sell their cargoes overseas, said according to Andy Lipow, president of Lipow Oil Associates LLC in Houston. American sellers also have the opportunity to store the barrels in abundant onshore tanks, he said, noting that storage can be obtained as cheaply as $0.50 to $0.60/bbl per month.

Gulf Coast crude stockpiles were 221.4 MMbbl as of Oct. 9, about 61% of the 365.4 million total working capacity at refineries and tank farms, according to the U.S. Energy Information Administration.