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| 2019-10-22 来源： 中国石化新闻网 |
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石化新闻 |
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中国石化新闻网讯 据世界能源新闻10月20日消息称，氨气和氢气是未来脱碳航运业中最有希望的燃料，为了实现国际海事组织(IMO)关于减少船舶温室气体排放的最初战略所设定的目标，航运业必须改用替代的零碳燃料。 国际海事组织的Edmund Hughes表示，2018年通过的最初的温室气体战略发出了一个明确的信号，即航运需要做出调整。他说：“我们必须做出改变，以应对全球气候变化。” 他补充说：“如果我们要在2050年之前实现国际航运每年至少减少50%的温室气体排放，我们就必须找到新技术和新燃料。” 对每艘船来说，设定的目标意味着每艘船减少85%的二氧化碳排放。操作和技术措施可以作出贡献，包括港口时间优化和可用于现有船舶的技术，包括空气润滑和风力推进，以提高运行的能源效率。 UCL能源研究所的读者Tristan Smith博士表示：“从长远来看，未来将是某种以氢为基础的燃料。”DNV GL首席顾问Tore Longva表示，到2050年，氢燃料和氨燃料将取代化石燃料，用于船舶发动机。 马来亚西亚的海事专员Kanagalingam T. Selkvarasah概述了马来西亚致力于开发氢作为海洋燃料的承诺，并概述了已经在开发的基础设施和项目。 零排放船舶技术协会的Madadh Maclaine表示，氢气已经在许多小型船舶中成功部署，并且有扩大规模的潜力。 发言者们一致认为，需要制定有利的政策、合作和研究与发展，以决定航运业在脱碳方面的向前发展，并承诺通过合作和技术合作确保不遗余力。 全球海事论坛（GMF）常务董事兼项目与计划负责人Johannah Christensen表示：“航运业已准备就绪，将走向零联盟”，并补充说，航运业将受益于国际海事组织这一全球监管机构对政策的定义和制定。 国际海事组织秘书长Kitack Lim在研讨会结束时对研讨会的主题进行了回顾，这为多个利益相关者提供了一个机会，就2020年1月1日起生效的2020年硫限量以及应对气候变化和船舶去碳化的长期需要交换意见。 Lim先生说：“过去两天的话题有一个共同点，那就是燃料，这对未来的可持续航运至关重要。开发和提供可行的替代燃料不能仅靠航运业来解决，还需要更广泛的航运业的支持，如石油业、租船业和港口。” 曹海斌 摘译自 世界能源新闻 原文如下： Green Shipping Fuels of the Future Ammonia and hydrogen are promising potential fuels of the future in a de-carbonized shipping industry, which has to switch to alternative, zero carbon fuels in order to meet the targets set out in the initial International Maritime Organization (IMO) strategy on reduction of GHG emissions from ships. IMO's Edmund Hughes said the initial GHG strategy, adopted in 2018, had sent a clear signal that shipping will need to adapt. "We have to change to address global climate change," he said. "We have to find new technologies and new fuels if we are to achieve at least 50% reduction in annual GHG emissions from international shipping by 2050," he added. For individual ships, the targets set mean an 85% reduction in CO2 emissions per ship. Operational and technical measures can contribute, including port time optimization and technologies which can be used on existing ships, with examples including air lubrication and wind propulsion to improve operational energy efficiency. "The long-term future is a hydrogen-based fuel of some sort," said Dr. Tristan Smith, Reader, UCL Energy Institute. The potential for hydrogen- and ammonia-based fuels to take over from fossil fuels for ship engines by 2050 was echoed by Tore Longva, Principal Consultant, DNV GL. Maalaysia's Kanagalingam T. Selkvarasah, Maritime Attache, outlined Malaysia's commitment to developing hydrogen as a fuel for marine use and outlined the infrastructure and projects already in development. Hydrogen was already being successfully deployed in numerous small vessels and had the potential to be scaled up, said Madadh Maclaine, of the Zero Emission Ship Technology Association. Speakers agreed that enabling policies, collaboration and research and development would be needed to decide how shipping would move forward with decarbonization - with a commitment to ensuring that no one was left behind, through collaboration and technical cooperation. "The shipping industry stands ready to move," Johannah Christensen, Managing Director & Head of Projects & Programs, Global Maritime Forum (GMF) - Getting to Zero Coalition, adding that the shipping sector benefited from having a global regulator to define and shape policy, the IMO. Closing the Symposium, IMO Secretary-General Kitack Lim reflected on the topics of the symposium, which offered a chance for multiple stakeholders to share views on the sulfur 2020 limit which comes into effect form 1 January 2020, and the longer-term need to address climate change and de-carbonize shipping. "The topics of the last two days have a common element, which is essential to sustainable future shipping - and that is fuels," Mr. Lim said. "The development and provision of viable alternative fuels cannot be solved by the shipping industry alone - but needs support from the wider maritime industry, such as oil industries, charterers and ports."
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