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| 2020-01-19 来源： 中国石化新闻网 |
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石化新闻 |
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中国石化新闻网讯 据石油工业新闻1月18日消息称，中东地区储量最丰富的油田可能不再是过去那些著名的喷油井，而是更具技术含量的近海油田。最近的一次碳氢化合物生产热潮正在中东兴起，而这一次，竞争正蔓延到近海水域。在这项特殊的分析中，雷斯塔能源对未来的海上勘探项目进行了细致的分析，其中大多位于中东热点地区之外，这两个国家是该地区主要的天然气生产国。石油和天然气产量的增加不仅有助于满足该地区的国内需求，提高出口，还将吸引大量资本进入该地区。 2019年7月，科威特与哈里伯顿公司签署了一份价值6亿美元的海上勘探合同，将在未来两到三年内钻探6口高压高温(HP/HT)探井，在中断30多年后重新开启该国的海上油田。与哈里伯顿公司合作的这个新的海上勘探项目可能有助于未来每天增加大约10万桶石油。 在政府的支持下，科威特石油公司(KOC)能够迅速完成这项合同，最重要的是引进了一项新的招标法。根据这项法律，外国投资者现在可以在没有科威特合作公司的情况下直接投标。新法律的目的是消除在任命代理人和注册允许外国实体参与项目投标的代理机构方面的重大延误。 海上勘探工作预计在2020年中期开始，第一个钻井平台预计在2020年7月建成，第二个钻井平台预计在2021年1月建成。通过这个项目，KOC希望能够补充正在进行的陆上活动，以支持国内长期的天然气需求和石油出口。科威特长期以来的目标是达到每日400万桶的产量(目前约为310万桶/天的产能)，但迄今未能实现这一崇高目标，尤其是在伯根等大型成熟油田产量下降的情况下。 另一个挫折是中立区油田的产量下降，自2015年年中以来，由于与沙特阿拉伯的政治分歧，这些油田一直停产。雷斯塔能源当前的基本情况是，中立区的生产在2021年初重新上线,但预计产量逐步上升。这些破坏性的挫折迫使KOC在2040年之前重新考虑其5000亿美元的投资战略。 2040年的战略包括475万桶/天的石油生产能力和200万桶/天的炼油能力。该公司还热衷于确保天然气供应计划，以将该国的天然气产能提高到每天30亿至40亿立方英尺(Bcfd)，以减轻进口液化天然气(科威特自2009年以来一直在这样做)和在发电过程中燃烧石油的负担。 曹海斌 摘译自 石油工业新闻 原文如下： Offshore Investment To Bolster Middle East Oil And Gas Supply Ambition The most bountiful petroleum plays in the Middle East may no longer be storied gushers from the past but more technical offshore areas. The most recent hydrocarbon production boom is underway in the Middle East, and this time, the race is spilling into offshore waters. In this particular analysis, Rystad Energy takes a granular look at up and coming offshore exploration projects, most of which are outside the hotspot area, the region's major gas producers. Increased production of oil and gas will not only help the region meet domestic demand as well as notch up exports, it will entice sizeable capital into the region. In July 2019, Kuwait signed a $600 million offshore exploration contract with Halliburton to drill 6 high-pressure high-temperature (HP/HT) exploration wells in the next two to three years, restarting the country's offshore legacy after a more than 30 year hiatus. This new offshore exploration project with Halliburton could help to add around 100,000 barrels of oil per day in the future. The Kuwait Oil Company (KOC) was able to fast track this contract with government support, most importantly with the introduction of a new tenders law. According to the law, foreign investors are now allowed to directly bid on projects directly without a Kuwaiti partner company. The new law is aimed to debottleneck the significant delays from the obstacles of appointing an agent and registering agencies that allowed foreign entities to participate in project tenders. The offshore exploration work is expected to start in mid-2020 with the first rig expected to come by July 2020 and the second rig by January 2021. With this program, KOC hopes to complement ongoing onshore activity to support long-term domestic gas needs and oil exports. Kuwait has long been targeting to reach production of 4 million barrels per day (up from current production capacity of about 3.1 million bpd) but so far has fallen short in attaining this lofty goal, especially as production decline at the large maturing fields, notably Burgan. Another setback is the loss of production from the Neutral Zone fields, which have been off production since mid-2015 due to political disagreement with Saudi Arabia. Rystad Energy's current base case is that Neutral Zone production comes back online in early 2021, but expects the ramp-up to be gradual. These damaging setbacks have forced KOC to rethink its $500 billion investment strategy through 2040. The 2040 strategy includes an oil production capacity of 4.75 million bpd and a refining capacity of 2 million bpd. The company is also keen on securing gas supplies plans to increase the country's gas production capacity to between 3 to 4 billion cubic feet per day (Bcfd) to lessen the burden of importing LNG (which Kuwait has been doing since 2009) and burning oil in power generation.
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