|
| 2020-01-22 来源： 中国石化新闻网 |
 |
 |
石化新闻 |
|
中国石化新闻网讯 据油气新闻1月21日消息称，随着世界越来越多地转向清洁能源转型，石油和天然气公司正面临严峻挑战。化石燃料推动了这些公司的短期回报，但如果不能满足日益增长的减少温室气体排放的呼声，可能会威胁到它们的长期社会可接受性和盈利能力。 石油和天然气行业现在需要弄清楚清洁能源转型对它意味着什么，以及它可以做些什么来加速清洁能源转型。 无论世界采取何种方式限制全球气温上升，日益加剧的气候影响都将加大所有行业寻找解决方案的压力。 Fatih Birol博士说:“没有一家能源公司会不受清洁能源转型的影响。该行业的每个部门都需要考虑如何应对。什么都不做根本不是一种选择。” 油气行业的格局是多样化的，这意味着没有单一的战略应对措施，而是根据每家公司的情况采取各种不同的方法。 Birol博士说：“对整个行业来说，当前的首要任务是减少自身业务的环境足迹。截至目前，全球与能源相关的温室气体排放中，约有15%来自于从地下开采石油和天然气的过程，以及输送给消费者的过程。这些排放中的很大一部分可以相对迅速和容易地降低下来 减少甲烷泄漏到大气中是行业降低排放的唯一最重要和最经济的方法。但通过取消常规燃除，并将可再生能源和低碳电力整合到新的上游和液化天然气开发项目中，还有大量其它机会来降低输送油气的排放强度。 Birol博士补充道：“此外，凭借丰富的专业知识和雄厚的财力，石油和天然气公司在加快关键可再生能源方案（如海上风能）的部署中可以发挥至关重要的作用，同时使一些关键的资本密集型清洁能源技术得以成熟。如果没有行业的投入，这些技术可能根本无法达到推动减排所需的规模。” 一些石油和天然气公司正在使他们的能源业务多样化，包括可再生能源和其他低碳技术。然而，迄今为止，石油和天然气公司在非核心地区的平均投资一直被限制在总资本支出的1%左右，其中最大的支出是太阳能光伏和风能。一些油气公司还通过收购现有非核心业务(例如配电、电动汽车充电和电池)实现了多元化，同时加快了研发步伐。 曹海斌 摘译自 油气新闻 原文如下： IEA International Energy Agency : Oil and gas industry needs to step up climate efforts now Oil and gas companies are facing a critical challenge as the world increasingly shifts towards clean energy transitions. Fossil fuels drive the companies’ near-term returns, but failure to address growing calls to reduce greenhouse gas emissions could threaten their long-term social acceptability and profitability. The oil and gas industry now needs to make clear what clean energy transitions mean for it – and what it can do to accelerate clean energy transitions. Whatever path the world follows in its efforts to limit the rise in global temperatures, intensifying climate impacts will increase the pressure on all industries to find solutions. ‘No energy company will be unaffected by clean energy transitions,’ said Dr Fatih Birol. ‘Every part of the industry needs to consider how to respond. Doing nothing is simply not an option.’ The landscape of the oil and gas industry is diverse, meaning there is no single strategic response but a variety of approaches depending on each company’s circumstances. ‘The first immediate task for all parts of the industry is reducing the environmental footprint of their own operations,’ Dr Birol said. ‘As of today, around 15% of global energy-related greenhouse gas emissions come from the process of getting oil and gas out of the ground and to consumers. A large part of these emissions can be brought down relatively quickly and easily.’ Reducing methane leaks to the atmosphere is the single most important and cost-effective way for the industry to bring down these emissions. But there are ample other opportunities to lower the emissions intensity of delivered oil and gas by eliminating routine flaring and integrating renewables and low-carbon electricity into new upstream and LNG developments. ‘Also, with their extensive know-how and deep pockets, oil and gas companies can play a crucial role in accelerating deployment of key renewable options such as offshore wind, while also enabling some key capital-intensive clean energy technologies to reach maturity,’ Dr Birol added. ‘Without the industry’s input, these technologies may simply not achieve the scale needed for them to move the dial on emissions.’ Some oil and gas companies are diversifying their energy operations to include renewables and other low-carbon technologies. However, average investment by oil and gas companies in non-core areas has so far been limited to around 1% of total capital spending, with the largest outlays going to solar PV and wind. Some oil and gas companies have also diversified by acquiring existing non-core businesses – for example in electricity distribution, electric-vehicle charging, and batteries – while stepping up research and development activity.
|
