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| 2020-12-07 来源： 中国石化新闻网 |
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石化新闻 |
中国石化新闻网讯 据彭博新闻社2020年12月2日休斯敦报道，美国最大上市石油公司埃克森美孚公司即将对其天然气资产进行减记，这标志着今年西方石油巨头大规模减记资产价值将创历史新纪录，原因是业界对化石燃料的未来不合时宜的乐观。 全球5大西方石油巨头已确认今年资产减值将超过700亿美元，为至少10年来的最高减记水平。新冠肺炎疫情大流行引发的能源市场崩盘已迫使各石油巨头下调价格预期，并缩减钻井计划，严重降低了油气资源的价值。 驻伦敦的彭博社NEF的分析师戴维·多尔蒂说，“石油需求峰值更像是一种严重的威胁，尽管它对石油工业来说不是一种彻底的改变。石油巨头对油价未来走势的预期正变得越来越现实。” 多尔蒂表示，今年的减记规模甚至超过了2014-2016年的经济低迷时期，这不仅是因为油价暴跌的严重程度，还因为油价下跌是由石油需求下降推动的。随着消费者乘飞机和开车的次数减少，汽车工业面临的不确定性比以往衰退时更大。以往的衰退通常是由供应过剩而非需求萎缩引发的。 欧洲的大型石油公司利用2020年的危机调整了业务模式，将重心转向可再生能源，英国石油公司甚至承诺将逐步减少油气产量。相比之下，美国最大的两家石油公司埃克森美孚公司和雪佛龙公司则表示，它们在可再生能源领域没有什么竞争优势，并将长期坚持使用传统化石燃料。 即便如此，这两家美国巨头还是大幅削减了投资计划。埃克森美孚公司今年将资本支出预算削减了三分之一，即100亿美元，而且在2025年前，这一支出将大大低于新冠肺炎疫情大流行前的预测。雪佛龙公司也进行了类似的裁员，尽管没有提供长期指导，但首席执行官迈克•沃斯将财务纪律奉为自己的座右铭。 12月2日纽约时间上午10点54分，布伦特原油价格下跌了0.8%，至每桶47.23美元，石油输出国组织(欧佩克)及非欧佩克产油国正在考虑明年初是否推迟增产。 李峻 编译自 彭博社 原文如下： Western oil majors’ writedowns pass $70 billion as virus saps demand Exxon Mobil Corp.’s impending writedown of natural gas fields rounds out a record year for Big Oil chargeoffs stemming from misplaced optimism on the future of fossil fuels. The five Western supermajors have now identified more than $70 billion of asset impairments this year, by far the most in at least a decade. The pandemic-induced crash in energy markets has forced companies to lower price forecasts and scale back drilling plans, severely reducing the value of their oil and gas resources. “Peak oil demand is more of a serious threat, though not a complete revamp in the business,” said David Doherty, an analyst at BloombergNEF in London. Big Oil is becoming “more realistic in their expectations for oil prices going forward.” This year’s writedowns exceed even the downturn of 2014-2016 not only because of the severity of the oil-price collapse but also due to the fact that it was driven by falling demand for petroleum, Doherty said. With consumers flying and driving less, the industry faces a greater degree of uncertainty than in previous slumps, which typically were triggered by excess supply rather than shrinking demand. The European supermajors used the 2020 crisis to revamp their business model with a pivot toward renewable energy, with BP Plc even pledging to reduce oil and gas production over time. By contrast Exxon and Chevron Corp., America’s largest oil companies, say they have little competitive advantage in the renewable space and are sticking with traditional fossil fuels for the long haul. Even so, the U.S. giants have severely pared back investment plans. Exxon reduced capital spending budget by one-third, or $10 billion, this year and spending will be significantly lower than pre-pandemic forecasts until 2025. Chevron made similar cuts and though it hasn’t provided long-term guidance, CEO Mike Wirth has made financial discipline his mantra. Brent crude dropped 0.8% to $47.23 a barrel at 10:54 a.m. in New York as OPEC and allied producers deliberated on whether to delay a production increase early next year. |
