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| 2020-12-25 来源： 中国石化新闻网 |
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石化新闻 |
中国石化新闻网讯 据石油新闻12月21日报道报道，全球炼油地图正在重新绘制。简单传统的炼油厂正在被复杂的大型炼油厂所取代。与此同时，境况不佳的炼油厂(尤其是欧洲和美国的炼油厂)要么被关闭，要么被从生产传统石油产品转向生物精炼厂，而中间馏分油正在逐渐被石油化工产品取代。 进入2021年，原油将被果断地进入中东-亚洲炼油厂。COVID-19危机并没有使中东-亚洲炼油厂远离原油，而是加快了建立新石油秩序的过程。 亚洲和中东地区的许多新炼油厂有的已在2020年投产，有的将在2021年前后投入运营，这将导致这个地区日增300万桶的额外炼油产能，而此时此刻正值炼油利润率大幅缩水，全球其他地方的炼油厂有的关闭，有的大幅减少开工率。 与此同时，科威特石油公司（KPC）旗下具有日加工61.5万桶原油能力的祖尔炼油厂和沙特阿美旗下具有日加工40万桶原油能力的吉赞炼油厂将在2021年先后投产。 到2022年，亚洲和中东地区将有更多新炼油厂投产。印度正在建设一个具有日加工120万桶原油能力的巨型炼油厂，预计将在2025年前后建成。尼日利亚的丹格特炼油厂将在未来几年内投产，届时尼日利亚原油日加工能力将再增加65万桶。 李峻 编译自石油新闻 原文如下： Middle East-Asia oil sectors to shape global refining revolution The global oil refining map is being redrawn. Simple, traditional refineries are being superseded by complex mega-plants. Meanwhile, the ailing downstream sector, particularly in Europe and the US, is either shutting down or shifting away from classic oil products to bio-refineries, and middle distillates are losing popularity to petrochemicals. Moving into 2021, oil will be pulled more decisively into the Middle East-Asia nexus. The COVID-19 crisis has not so much pushed the industry away from crude but rather sped up the process of establishing a new oil order -- one that has been taking shape for many years. A host of new refineries in Asia and the Middle East have either arrived online in 2020 or are due to come into operation over the next year or so, resulting in more than 3 million b/d in extra capacity. This is at a time when margins have collapsed and refineries elsewhere have either been closed or run at low utilization rates. Most refining roads lead to China. The 800,000 b/d Zhejiang Petroleum & Chemical (ZPC) refinery was launched in 2020 and will be joined by 1 million b/d in additional capacity from several other refineries in the country, according to Platts data. China's share of CDU capacity in the region is set to have increased from 40% in 2010 to half of regional capacity by 2022, potentially even squeezing out other Asian refiners, from Australia to the Philippines. Meanwhile, KPC's 615,000 b/d Al-Zour refinery in Kuwait and Saudi Aramco's 400,000 b/d Jazan refinery are lining up for 2021 start dates. There is more to come from both China and the Middle East in 2022, while India is building a 1.2 million b/d mega-plant due mid-decade and Nigeria's Dangote refinery, which could be launched in the next couple of years, would add an extra 650,000 b/d. |
