|
| 2021-01-28 来源： 中国石化新闻网 |
 |
 |
石化新闻 |
中国石化新闻网讯 据1月25日Oil Now报道，全球咨询公司伍德曼肯兹预计，2022年的上游开发支出将达到3000亿美元左右，比石油危机爆发前的水平下降30%，比2014年7500亿美元的峰值低60%。2019年和2020年批准的500亿美元新项目支撑了深水项目投资，包括埃克森美孚的Liza二期项目和圭亚那近海Stabroek区块的Payara开发项目。 当谈到全球消费的“正常”水平时，伍德曼肯兹表示，必须掌握需求动态、单位成本和时间之间的关系。 该咨询公司表示，2021年的全球支出水平显然不足以满足中期需求，即使市场已经在加速能源转型。 由于资金短缺，许多高质量项目被搁置。该公司指出，这种投资不足将持续到资产负债表得到加强、能源转型战略得到巩固以及人们对危机后需求增长有强有力的信心为止。 该咨询公司预计，2021年将有大约20个重大项目受到限制，远高于2020年的10个。2019年和2020年批准的500亿美元新项目支撑了深水项目投资，这些项目主要在美国墨西哥湾、巴西和圭亚那。对很多人来说，2021年将是消费高峰期。另外8个项目(300亿美元投资)准备在2021年获批，Bacalhau、Mero和Whale是最大的项目。 2019年批准的Liza二期开发项目，在资本支出和设施类型方面被列为当年全球15个获批的离岸项目之一。该项目耗资60亿美元，将利用SBM Offshore公司正在建造的Liza Unity FPSO，计划在2022年投入使用，目标产量为6亿桶石油。 此外，埃克森美孚于2020年批准了其在南美国家的第三个海上项目。Payara是一个价值90亿美元的开发项目，目标是在2024年启动。Liza二期和Payara项目2019-2020年期间在圭亚那批准的项目总额为150亿美元。 到目前为止，埃克森美孚已经在该国近海发现了18个油田，石油储量总计约90亿桶。 王佳晶 摘译自 Oil Now 原文如下： Guyana accounts for US$15 billion in deepwater sanctioning since 2019 Global consultancy group Wood Mackenzie says it expects another year of around US$300 billion in upstream development spend, down 30% on pre-crisis levels and 60% below 2014’s US$750 billion peak. Deepwater spend has been underpinned by US$50 billion in new projects approved in 2019 and 2020, including ExxonMobil’s Liza Phase 2 and Payara Developments at the Stabroek block offshore Guyana. When it comes to the question of what is the ‘right’ level of global spend, WoodMac said that equation must be solved for the dynamics of demand, unit costs and timing. “But global spend at 2021 levels is clearly insufficient to satisfy medium-term demand, even in our accelerated energy transition 2-degree scenario,” the consultancy group said. A number of quality projects are on hold as cash is being conserved. This underinvestment will last until balance sheets are strengthened, energy transition strategies solidified and there is confidence in post-crisis demand growth, WoodMac pointed out. “We anticipate around 20 major project sanctions in 2021, up from just over 10 in 2020 but just half the prevailing pre-crisis trend,” the consultancy group stated. “Deepwater spend is underpinned by US$50 billion of new projects approved in 2019 and 2020, mostly in US Gulf of Mexico, Brazil and Guyana. For many, 2021 will be a peak spend year. Another eight projects (US$30 billion of investment) are ready to be approved in 2021 – Bacalhau, Mero and Whale are the biggest,” WoodMac said. The Liza Phase 2 Development, sanctioned in 2019, has been ranked as being among the top 15 approved offshore projects in the world for that year in terms of capital expenditure and facility type. The US$6 billion project, which will utilise the Liza Unity FPSO being built by SBM Offshore, will be targeting 600 million barrels of oil when it gets underway in 2022. Additionally, ExxonMobil sanctioned its third project offshore the South American country in 2020. Payara – a US$9 billion development targeted for start-up in 2024, will also focus on an estimated resource base of about 600 million oil-equivalent barrels. The Prosperity FPSO is being built by SBM Offshore for this project. Together, Liza Phase 2 and Payara represent a total of US$15 billion in project sanctioning in Guyana for the 2019-2020 period. To date, ExxonMobil has made 18 discoveries offshore the country, amounting to around 9 billion barrels of oil equivalent resources. |
